Bioinformatics, Vol 14, 755-763, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
SR Eddy
The recent literature on profile hidden Markov model (profile HMM) methods
and software is reviewed. Profile HMMs turn a multiple sequence alignment
into a position-specific scoring system suitable for searching databases
for remotely homologous sequences. Profile HMM analyses complement standard
pairwise comparison methods for large- scale sequence analysis. Several
software implementations and two large libraries of profile HMMs of common
protein domains are available. HMM methods performed comparably to
threading methods in the CASP2 structure prediction exercise.
ARTICLES
Profile hidden Markov models
Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 4566 Scott Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA. eddy@genetics.wustl.edu
![]()
CiteULike
Connotea
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
![]() |
C. Blouin, S. Perry, A. Lavell, E. Susko, and A. J. Roger Reproducing the manual annotation of multiple sequence alignments using a SVM classifier Bioinformatics, December 1, 2009; 25(23): 3093 - 3098. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Dlakic HHsvm: fast and accurate classification of profile-profile matches identified by HHsearch Bioinformatics, December 1, 2009; 25(23): 3071 - 3076. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
N. Terrapon, O. Gascuel, E. Marechal, and L. Brehelin Detection of new protein domains using co-occurrence: application to Plasmodium falciparum Bioinformatics, December 1, 2009; 25(23): 3077 - 3083. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. Koetschan, F. Forster, A. Keller, T. Schleicher, B. Ruderisch, R. Schwarz, T. Muller, M. Wolf, and J. Schultz The ITS2 Database III--sequences and structures for phylogeny Nucleic Acids Res., November 17, 2009; (2009) gkp966v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. M. Gould, F. Diella, A. Via, P. Puntervoll, C. Gemund, S. Chabanis-Davidson, S. Michael, A. Sayadi, J. C. Bryne, C. Chica, et al. ELM: the status of the 2010 eukaryotic linear motif resource Nucleic Acids Res., November 17, 2009; (2009) gkp1016v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Senf and X.-w. Chen Identification of genes involved in the same pathways using a Hidden Markov Model-based approach Bioinformatics, November 15, 2009; 25(22): 2945 - 2954. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. E. Ulrich and I. B. Zhulin The MiST2 database: a comprehensive genomics resource on microbial signal transduction Nucleic Acids Res., November 9, 2009; (2009) gkp940v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. M. Brinkac, T. Davidsen, E. Beck, A. Ganapathy, E. Caler, R. J. Dodson, A. S. Durkin, D. M. Harkins, H. Lorenzi, R. Madupu, et al. Pathema: a clade-specific bioinformatics resource center for pathogen research Nucleic Acids Res., October 20, 2009; (2009) gkp850v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Briegel, D. R. Ortega, E. I. Tocheva, K. Wuichet, Z. Li, S. Chen, A. Muller, C. V. Iancu, G. E. Murphy, M. J. Dobro, et al. Universal architecture of bacterial chemoreceptor arrays PNAS, October 6, 2009; 106(40): 17181 - 17186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
I. Miklos, A. Novak, R. Satija, R. Lyngso, and J. Hein Stochastic models of sequence evolution including insertion--deletion events Statistical Methods in Medical Research, October 1, 2009; 18(5): 453 - 485. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. Schwarz, P. N. Seibel, S. Rahmann, C. Schoen, M. Huenerberg, C. Muller-Reible, T. Dandekar, R. Karchin, J. Schultz, and T. Muller Detecting species-site dependencies in large multiple sequence alignments Nucleic Acids Res., October 1, 2009; 37(18): 5959 - 5968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. N. Gardner, A. L. Hiddessen, P. L. Williams, C. Hara, M. C. Wagner, and B. W. Colston Jr Multiplex primer prediction software for divergent targets Nucleic Acids Res., October 1, 2009; 37(19): 6291 - 6304. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. Pils and A. Heyl Unraveling the Evolution of Cytokinin Signaling Plant Physiology, October 1, 2009; 151(2): 782 - 791. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Steinbiss, U. Willhoeft, G. Gremme, and S. Kurtz Fine-grained annotation and classification of de novo predicted LTR retrotransposons Nucleic Acids Res., September 28, 2009; (2009) gkp759v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Rho and H. Tang MGEScan-non-LTR: computational identification and classification of autonomous non-LTR retrotransposons in eukaryotic genomes Nucleic Acids Res., September 17, 2009; (2009) gkp752v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. Salah, M. Bisaglia, P. Aliprandi, M. Uzan, C. Sizun, and F. Bontems Probing the relationship between Gram-negative and Gram-positive S1 proteins by sequence analysis Nucleic Acids Res., September 1, 2009; 37(16): 5578 - 5588. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. A. DeGrasse, K. N. DuBois, D. Devos, T. N. Siegel, A. Sali, M. C. Field, M. P. Rout, and B. T. Chait Evidence for a Shared Nuclear Pore Complex Architecture That Is Conserved from the Last Common Eukaryotic Ancestor Mol. Cell. Proteomics, September 1, 2009; 8(9): 2119 - 2130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S.-K. Oh, C. Young, M. Lee, R. Oliva, T. O. Bozkurt, L. M. Cano, J. Win, J. I.B. Bos, H.-Y. Liu, M. van Damme, et al. In Planta Expression Screens of Phytophthora infestans RXLR Effectors Reveal Diverse Phenotypes, Including Activation of the Solanum bulbocastanum Disease Resistance Protein Rpi-blb2 PLANT CELL, September 1, 2009; 21(9): 2928 - 2947. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. J. Baines, P. A. Bignone, M. D.A. King, A. M. Maggs, P. M. Bennett, J. C. Pinder, and G. W. Phillips The CKK Domain (DUF1781) Binds Microtubules and Defines the CAMSAP/ssp4 Family of Animal Proteins Mol. Biol. Evol., September 1, 2009; 26(9): 2005 - 2014. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. J. Dagley, P. Dolezal, V. A. Likic, O. Smid, A. W. Purcell, S. K. Buchanan, J. Tachezy, and T. Lithgow The Protein Import Channel in the Outer Mitosomal Membrane of Giardia intestinalis Mol. Biol. Evol., September 1, 2009; 26(9): 1941 - 1947. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. S. Kelleher and J. E. Pennington Protease Gene Duplication and Proteolytic Activity in Drosophila Female Reproductive Tracts Mol. Biol. Evol., September 1, 2009; 26(9): 2125 - 2134. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y. Fong, J. Wakefield, and K. Rice Bayesian mixture modeling using a hybrid sampler with application to protein subfamily identification Biostat., August 20, 2009; (2009) kxp033v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. Li, X. Xing, G. Ding, Q. Li, C. Wang, L. Xie, R. Zeng, and Y. Li SysPTM: A Systematic Resource for Proteomic Research on Post-translational Modifications Mol. Cell. Proteomics, August 1, 2009; 8(8): 1839 - 1849. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. L. Delbridge, H. R. Patel, P. D. Waters, D. A. McMillan, and J. A. Marshall Graves Does the human X contain a third evolutionary block? Origin of genes on human Xp11 and Xq28 Genome Res., August 1, 2009; 19(8): 1350 - 1360. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. Kawashima, S. Kawashima, C. Tanaka, M. Murai, M. Yoneda, N. H. Putnam, D. S. Rokhsar, M. Kanehisa, N. Satoh, and H. Wada Domain shuffling and the evolution of vertebrates Genome Res., August 1, 2009; 19(8): 1393 - 1403. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Shang, Y. Tao, X. Chen, Y. Zou, C. Lei, J. Wang, X. Li, X. Zhao, M. Zhang, Z. Lu, et al. Identification of a New Rice Blast Resistance Gene, Pid3, by Genomewide Comparison of Paired Nucleotide-Binding Site-Leucine-Rich Repeat Genes and Their Pseudogene Alleles Between the Two Sequenced Rice Genomes Genetics, August 1, 2009; 182(4): 1303 - 1311. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. Maruyama, M. Takeda, S. Kidokoro, K. Yamada, Y. Sakuma, K. Urano, M. Fujita, K. Yoshiwara, S. Matsukura, Y. Morishita, et al. Metabolic Pathways Involved in Cold Acclimation Identified by Integrated Analysis of Metabolites and Transcripts Regulated by DREB1A and DREB2A Plant Physiology, August 1, 2009; 150(4): 1972 - 1980. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. M. Phelan, C.-T. Thai, D. C. Soares, R. T. Ogata, P. N. Barlow, and J. Bramham Solution Structure of Factor I-like Modules from Complement C7 Reveals a Pair of Follistatin Domains in Compact Pseudosymmetric Arrangement J. Biol. Chem., July 17, 2009; 284(29): 19637 - 19649. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. W. Lockless and T. W. Muir Traceless protein splicing utilizing evolved split inteins PNAS, July 7, 2009; 106(27): 10999 - 11004. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T.-H. Chang, H.-D. Huang, L.-C. Wu, C.-T. Yeh, B.-J. Liu, and J.-T. Horng Computational identification of riboswitches based on RNA conserved functional sequences and conformations RNA, July 1, 2009; 15(7): 1426 - 1430. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Das, T. Kanamoto, X. Ge, P. Xu, T. Unoki, C. L. Munro, and T. Kitten Contribution of Lipoproteins and Lipoprotein Processing to Endocarditis Virulence in Streptococcus sanguinis J. Bacteriol., July 1, 2009; 191(13): 4166 - 4179. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Kumar and L. Cowen Augmented training of hidden Markov models to recognize remote homologs via simulated evolution Bioinformatics, July 1, 2009; 25(13): 1602 - 1608. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. W. Brandt and J. Heringa webPRC: the Profile Comparer for alignment-based searching of public domain databases Nucleic Acids Res., July 1, 2009; 37(suppl_2): W48 - W52. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. S. Ooi, C. Y. Kwo, M. Wildpaner, F. L. Sirota, B. Eisenhaber, S. Maurer-Stroh, W. C. Wong, A. Schleiffer, F. Eisenhaber, and G. Schneider ANNIE: integrated de novo protein sequence annotation Nucleic Acids Res., July 1, 2009; 37(suppl_2): W435 - W440. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A.-K. Schultz, M. Zhang, I. Bulla, T. Leitner, B. Korber, B. Morgenstern, and M. Stanke jpHMM: Improving the reliability of recombination prediction in HIV-1 Nucleic Acids Res., July 1, 2009; 37(suppl_2): W647 - W651. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Shridhar, D. Chattopadhyay, and G. Yadav PLecDom: a program for identification and analysis of plant lectin domains Nucleic Acids Res., July 1, 2009; 37(suppl_2): W452 - W458. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. W. Mount Using Hidden Markov Models to Align Multiple Sequences CSH Protocols, July 1, 2009; 2009(7): pdb.top41 - pdb.top41. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
O. Fornes, R. Aragues, J. Espadaler, M. A. Marti-Renom, A. Sali, and B. Oliva ModLink+: improving fold recognition by using protein-protein interactions Bioinformatics, June 15, 2009; 25(12): 1506 - 1512. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y. Han, J. M. Burnette III, and S. R. Wessler TARGeT: a web-based pipeline for retrieving and characterizing gene and transposable element families from genomic sequences Nucleic Acids Res., June 1, 2009; 37(11): e78 - e78. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Oulas, A. Boutla, K. Gkirtzou, M. Reczko, K. Kalantidis, and P. Poirazi Prediction of novel microRNA genes in cancer-associated genomic regions--a combined computational and experimental approach Nucleic Acids Res., June 1, 2009; 37(10): 3276 - 3287. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y. Wang, R. I. Sadreyev, and N. V. Grishin PROCAIN: protein profile comparison with assisting information Nucleic Acids Res., June 1, 2009; 37(11): 3522 - 3530. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. H. Soror, R. Rao, and J. Cullum Mining the genome sequence for novel enzyme activity: characterisation of an unusual member of the hormone-sensitive lipase family of esterases from the genome of Streptomyces coelicolor A3 (2) Protein Eng. Des. Sel., June 1, 2009; 22(6): 333 - 339. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. Bjorkholm, P. Daniluk, A. Kryshtafovych, K. Fidelis, R. Andersson, and T. R. Hvidsten Using multi-data hidden Markov models trained on local neighborhoods of protein structure to predict residue-residue contacts Bioinformatics, May 15, 2009; 25(10): 1264 - 1270. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y. Huang, P. Gilna, and W. Li Identification of ribosomal RNA genes in metagenomic fragments Bioinformatics, May 15, 2009; 25(10): 1338 - 1340. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. Childs, Z. Nikoloski, P. May, and D. Walther Identification and classification of ncRNA molecules using graph properties Nucleic Acids Res., May 1, 2009; 37(9): e66 - e66. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
N. Jochmann, A.-K. Kurze, L. F. Czaja, K. Brinkrolf, I. Brune, A. T. Huser, N. Hansmeier, A. Puhler, I. Borovok, and A. Tauch Genetic makeup of the Corynebacterium glutamicum LexA regulon deduced from comparative transcriptomics and in vitro DNA band shift assays Microbiology, May 1, 2009; 155(5): 1459 - 1477. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
I. Plyusnin, L. Holm, and M. Kankainen LOCP--locating pilus operons in Gram-positive bacteria Bioinformatics, May 1, 2009; 25(9): 1187 - 1188. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. T. Moreland, J. F. Ryan, C. Pan, and A. D. Baxevanis The Homeodomain Resource: a comprehensive collection of sequence, structure, interaction, genomic and functional information on the homeodomain protein family Database, April 28, 2009; 2009(0): bap004 - bap004. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. C. Slater, B. S. Goldman, B. Goodner, J. C. Setubal, S. K. Farrand, E. W. Nester, T. J. Burr, L. Banta, A. W. Dickerman, I. Paulsen, et al. Genome Sequences of Three Agrobacterium Biovars Help Elucidate the Evolution of Multichromosome Genomes in Bacteria J. Bacteriol., April 15, 2009; 191(8): 2501 - 2511. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. Klasson, J. Westberg, P. Sapountzis, K. Naslund, Y. Lutnaes, A. C. Darby, Z. Veneti, L. Chen, H. R. Braig, R. Garrett, et al. The mosaic genome structure of the Wolbachia wRi strain infecting Drosophila simulans PNAS, April 7, 2009; 106(14): 5725 - 5730. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Takeuchi, D. Schmitt, C. Chapple, E. Babaylova, G. Karpova, R. Guigo, A. Krol, and C. Allmang A short motif in Drosophila SECIS Binding Protein 2 provides differential binding affinity to SECIS RNA hairpins Nucleic Acids Res., April 1, 2009; 37(7): 2126 - 2141. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y. Nakajima, R. G. Tyers, C. C.L. Wong, J. R. Yates III, D. G. Drubin, and G. Barnes Nbl1p: A Borealin/Dasra/CSC-1-like Protein Essential for Aurora/Ipl1 Complex Function and Integrity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mol. Biol. Cell, March 15, 2009; 20(6): 1772 - 1784. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Biegert and J. Soding Sequence context-specific profiles for homology searching PNAS, March 10, 2009; 106(10): 3770 - 3775. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. Tyagi, A. R. Shenoy, and S. S. Visweswariah Characterization of an Evolutionarily Conserved Metallophosphoesterase That Is Expressed in the Fetal Brain and Associated with the WAGR Syndrome J. Biol. Chem., February 20, 2009; 284(8): 5217 - 5228. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
G. Xu, H. Ma, M. Nei, and H. Kong Evolution of F-box genes in plants: Different modes of sequence divergence and their relationships with functional diversification PNAS, January 20, 2009; 106(3): 835 - 840. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. Virtanen, J. Paris, and M. Takahashi Identification and Characterization of a Novel Gene, dapr, Involved in Skeletal Muscle Differentiation and Protein Kinase B Signaling J. Biol. Chem., January 16, 2009; 284(3): 1636 - 1643. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Weigt, R. A. White, H. Szurmant, J. A. Hoch, and T. Hwa Identification of direct residue contacts in protein-protein interaction by message passing PNAS, January 6, 2009; 106(1): 67 - 72. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
G. Parra, K. Bradnam, Z. Ning, T. Keane, and I. Korf Assessing the gene space in draft genomes Nucleic Acids Res., January 1, 2009; 37(1): 289 - 297. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. F. Waller, C. Jabbour, N. C. Chan, N. Celik, V. A. Likic, T. D. Mulhern, and T. Lithgow Evidence of a Reduced and Modified Mitochondrial Protein Import Apparatus in Microsporidian Mitosomes Eukaryot. Cell, January 1, 2009; 8(1): 19 - 26. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y. Igarashi, E. Heureux, K. S. Doctor, P. Talwar, S. Gramatikova, K. Gramatikoff, Y. Zhang, M. Blinov, S. S. Ibragimova, S. Boyd, et al. PMAP: databases for analyzing proteolytic events and pathways Nucleic Acids Res., January 1, 2009; 37(suppl_1): D611 - D618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. J. V. Nordstrom, M. C. Lagerstrom, L. M. J. Waller, R. Fredriksson, and H. B. Schioth The Secretin GPCRs Descended from the Family of Adhesion GPCRs Mol. Biol. Evol., January 1, 2009; 26(1): 71 - 84. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
G. Ding, P. Lorenz, M. Kreutzer, Y. Li, and H.-J. Thiesen SysZNF: the C2H2 zinc finger gene database Nucleic Acids Res., January 1, 2009; 37(suppl_1): D267 - D273. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. M. A. Martin, D. Miranda-Saavedra, and G. J. Barton Kinomer v. 1.0: a database of systematically classified eukaryotic protein kinases Nucleic Acids Res., January 1, 2009; 37(suppl_1): D244 - D250. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. Wilson, R. Pethica, Y. Zhou, C. Talbot, C. Vogel, M. Madera, C. Chothia, and J. Gough SUPERFAMILY--sophisticated comparative genomics, data mining, visualization and phylogeny Nucleic Acids Res., January 1, 2009; 37(suppl_1): D380 - D386. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Diaz-Riquelme, D. Lijavetzky, J. M. Martinez-Zapater, and M. J. Carmona Genome-Wide Analysis of MIKCC-Type MADS Box Genes in Grapevine Plant Physiology, January 1, 2009; 149(1): 354 - 369. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Loytynoja and N. Goldman A model of evolution and structure for multiple sequence alignment Phil Trans R Soc B, December 27, 2008; 363(1512): 3913 - 3919. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. S. Santos, S. M. Grigoriev, and M. Montal Molecular Template for a Voltage Sensor in a Novel K+ Channel. III. Functional Reconstitution of a Sensorless Pore Module from a Prokaryotic Kv Channel J. Gen. Physiol., December 1, 2008; 132(6): 651 - 666. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
U. Paila, R. Kondam, and A. Ranjan Genome bias influences amino acid choices: analysis of amino acid substitution and re-compilation of substitution matrices exclusive to an AT-biased genome Nucleic Acids Res., December 1, 2008; 36(21): 6664 - 6675. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Starcevic, J. Zucko, J. Simunkovic, P. F. Long, J. Cullum, and D. Hranueli ClustScan: an integrated program package for the semi-automatic annotation of modular biosynthetic gene clusters and in silico prediction of novel chemical structures Nucleic Acids Res., December 1, 2008; 36(21): 6882 - 6892. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y. Fukumoto, N. Dohmae, and F. Hanaoka Schizosaccharomyces pombe Ddb1 Recruits Substrate-Specific Adaptor Proteins through a Novel Protein Motif, the DDB-Box Mol. Cell. Biol., November 15, 2008; 28(22): 6746 - 6756. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Madera Profile Comparer: a program for scoring and aligning profile hidden Markov models Bioinformatics, November 15, 2008; 24(22): 2630 - 2631. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. Sompallae, S. Gastaldello, S. Hildebrand, N. Zinin, G. Hassink, K. Lindsten, J. Haas, B. Persson, and M. G. Masucci Epstein-Barr Virus Encodes Three Bona Fide Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases J. Virol., November 1, 2008; 82(21): 10477 - 10486. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
F. Jadeau, E. Bechet, A. J. Cozzone, G. Deleage, C. Grangeasse, and C. Combet Identification of the idiosyncratic bacterial protein tyrosine kinase (BY-kinase) family signature Bioinformatics, November 1, 2008; 24(21): 2427 - 2430. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
X. Yang, U. C. Kalluri, S. Jawdy, L. E. Gunter, T. Yin, T. J. Tschaplinski, D. J. Weston, P. Ranjan, and G. A. Tuskan The F-Box Gene Family Is Expanded in Herbaceous Annual Plants Relative to Woody Perennial Plants Plant Physiology, November 1, 2008; 148(3): 1189 - 1200. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. J. Page and E. Di Cera Evolution of Peptidase Diversity J. Biol. Chem., October 31, 2008; 283(44): 30010 - 30014. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. M. Hopkinson, K. L. Roe, and K. A. Barbeau Heme Uptake by Microscilla marina and Evidence for Heme Uptake Systems in the Genomes of Diverse Marine Bacteria Appl. Envir. Microbiol., October 15, 2008; 74(20): 6263 - 6270. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y. Kumaki, M. Ukai-Tadenuma, K.-i. D. Uno, J. Nishio, K.-h. Masumoto, M. Nagano, T. Komori, Y. Shigeyoshi, J. B. Hogenesch, and H. R. Ueda Analysis and synthesis of high-amplitude Cis-elements in the mammalian circadian clock PNAS, September 30, 2008; 105(39): 14946 - 14951. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Vij, J. Giri, P. K. Dansana, S. Kapoor, and A. K. Tyagi The Receptor-Like Cytoplasmic Kinase (OsRLCK) Gene Family in Rice: Organization, Phylogenetic Relationship, and Expression during Development and Stress Mol Plant, September 1, 2008; 1(5): 732 - 750. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||

























