Bioinformatics, Vol 15, 243-250, Copyright © 1999 by Oxford University Press
M Rarey, B Kramer and T Lengauer
MOTIVATION: Matching of chemical interacting groups is a common concept for
docking and fragment placement algorithms in computer-aided drug design.
These algorithms have been proven to be reliable and fast if at least a
certain number of hydrogen bonds or salt bridges occur. However, the
algorithms typically run into problems if hydrophobic fragments or ligands
should be placed. In order to dock hydrophobic fragments without
significant loss of computational efficiency, we have extended the
interaction model and placement algorithms in our docking tool FlexX. The
concept of multi-level interactions is introduced into the algorithms for
automatic selection and placement of base fragments. RESULTS: With the
multi-level interaction model and the corresponding algorithmic extensions,
we were able to improve the overall performance of FlexX significantly. We
tested the approach with a set of 200 protein-ligand complexes taken from
the Brookhaven Protein Data Bank (PDB). The number of test cases which can
be docked within 1.5 A RMSD from the crystal structure can be increased
from 58 to 64%. The performance gain is paid for by an increase in
computation time from 73 to 91 s on average per protein-ligand complex.
AVAILABILITY: The FlexX molecular docking software is available for UNIX
platforms IRIX, Solaris and Linux. See http://cartan.gmd.de/FlexX for
additional information.
ARTICLES
Docking of hydrophobic ligands with interaction-based matching algorithms
German National Research Center for Information Technology (GMD), Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany. Rarey@gmd.de
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