Skip Navigation

This Article
Right arrow FREE Full Text (Print PDF) Freely available
Right arrow FREE Full Text (Screen PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Search for citing articles in:
ISI Web of Science (869)
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Bolstad, B.M.
Right arrow Articles by Speed, T.P.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Bolstad, B.M.
Right arrow Articles by Speed, T.P.
Social Bookmarking
 Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

Bioinformatics Vol. 19 no. 2 2003
Pages 185-193
© 2003 Oxford University Press

A comparison of normalization methods for high density oligonucleotide array data based on variance and bias

B.M. Bolstad 1,*, R.A Irizarry 2, M. Åstrand 3 and T.P. Speed 4,5

1 Group in Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
2 Department of Biostatistics, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
3 AstraZeneca R & D Mölndal, Sweden
4 Department of Statistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
5 Division of Genetics and Bioinformatics, WEHI, Melbourne, Australia

Received on June 13, 2002 ; revised on September 11, 2002 ; accepted on September 17, 2002

Motivation: When running experiments that involve multiple high density oligonucleotide arrays, it is important to remove sources of variation between arrays of non-biological origin. Normalization is a process for reducing this variation. It is common to see non-linear relations between arrays and the standard normalization provided by Affymetrix does not perform well in these situations.

Results: We present three methods of performing normalization at the probe intensity level. These methods are called complete data methods because they make use of data from all arrays in an experiment to form the normalizing relation. These algorithms are compared to two methods that make use of a baseline array: a one number scaling based algorithm and a method that uses a non-linear normalizing relation by comparing the variability and bias of an expression measure. Two publicly available datasets are used to carry out the comparisons. The simplest and quickest complete data method is found to perform favorably.

Availability: Software implementing all three of the complete data normalization methods is available as part of the R package Affy, which is a part of the Bioconductor project http://www.bioconductor.org.

Contact: bolstad{at}stat.berkeley.edu.

Supplementary information: Additional figures may be found at http://www.stat.berkeley.edu/~bolstad/normalize/index.html

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
Infect. Immun.Home page
A. F. Alice, H. Naka, and J. H. Crosa
Global Gene Expression as a Function of the Iron Status of the Bacterial Cell: Influence of Differentially Expressed Genes in the Virulence of the Human Pathogen Vibrio vulnificus
Infect. Immun., September 1, 2008; 76(9): 4019 - 4037.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J EndocrinolHome page
L. Rice, C. E Waters, J. Eccles, H. Garside, P. Sommer, P. Kay, F. H Blackhall, L. Zeef, B. Telfer, I. Stratford, et al.
Identification and functional analysis of SKA2 interaction with the glucocorticoid receptor
J. Endocrinol., September 1, 2008; 198(3): 499 - 509.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
IOVSHome page
I. Michael, M. Shmoish, D. S. Walton, and S. Levenberg
Interactions between Trabecular Meshwork Cells and Lens Epithelial Cells: A Possible Mechanism in Infantile Aphakic Glaucoma
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., September 1, 2008; 49(9): 3981 - 3987.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
A. P. Malizia, D. T. Keating, S. M. Smith, D. Walls, P. P. Doran, and J. J. Egan
Alveolar epithelial cell injury with Epstein-Barr virus upregulates TGF{beta}1 expression
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, September 1, 2008; 295(3): L451 - L460.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Immunol.Home page
B. N. Kalali, G. Kollisch, J. Mages, T. Muller, S. Bauer, H. Wagner, J. Ring, R. Lang, M. Mempel, and M. Ollert
Double-Stranded RNA Induces an Antiviral Defense Status in Epidermal Keratinocytes through TLR3-, PKR-, and MDA5/RIG-I-Mediated Differential Signaling
J. Immunol., August 15, 2008; 181(4): 2694 - 2704.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
R. W. Tothill, A. V. Tinker, J. George, R. Brown, S. B. Fox, S. Lade, D. S. Johnson, M. K. Trivett, D. Etemadmoghadam, B. Locandro, et al.
Novel Molecular Subtypes of Serous and Endometrioid Ovarian Cancer Linked to Clinical Outcome
Clin. Cancer Res., August 15, 2008; 14(16): 5198 - 5208.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
BioinformaticsHome page
H.-I H. Chen, F.-H. Hsu, Y. Jiang, M.-H. Tsai, P.-C. Yang, P. S. Meltzer, E. Y. Chuang, and Y. Chen
A probe-density-based analysis method for array CGH data: simulation, normalization and centralization
Bioinformatics, August 15, 2008; 24(16): 1749 - 1756.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
ANN BOT (LOND)Home page
J. T. Van Dongen, A. Frohlich, S. J. Ramirez-Aguilar, N. Schauer, A. R. Fernie, A. Erban, J. Kopka, J. Clark, A. Langer, and P. Geigenberger
Transcript and Metabolite Profiling of the Adaptive Response to Mild Decreases in Oxygen Concentration in the Roots of Arabidopsis Plants
Ann. Bot., August 6, 2008; (2008) mcn126v2.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Immunol.Home page
W. N. Haining, B. L. Ebert, A. Subrmanian, E. J. Wherry, Q. Eichbaum, J. W. Evans, R. Mak, S. Rivoli, J. Pretz, J. Angelosanto, et al.
Identification of an Evolutionarily Conserved Transcriptional Signature of CD8 Memory Differentiation That Is Shared by T and B Cells
J. Immunol., August 1, 2008; 181(3): 1859 - 1868.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
BioinformaticsHome page
R. Schachtner, D. Lutter, P. Knollmuller, A. M. Tome, F. J. Theis, G. Schmitz, M. Stetter, P. G. Vilda, and E. W. Lang
Knowledge-based gene expression classification via matrix factorization
Bioinformatics, August 1, 2008; 24(15): 1688 - 1697.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Molecular Cancer TherapeuticsHome page
O. Kovalchuk, J. Filkowski, J. Meservy, Y. Ilnytskyy, V. P. Tryndyak, V. F. Chekhun, and I. P. Pogribny
Involvement of microRNA-451 in resistance of the MCF-7 breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin
Mol. Cancer Ther., July 1, 2008; 7(7): 2152 - 2159.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Toxicol SciHome page
M. D. Rand, C. E. Bland, and J. Bond
Methylmercury Activates Enhancer-of-Split and Bearded Complex Genes Independent of the Notch Receptor
Toxicol. Sci., July 1, 2008; 104(1): 163 - 176.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Cancer Prevention ResearchHome page
L. Zhang, J. J. Lee, H. Tang, Y.-H. Fan, L. Xiao, H. Ren, J. Kurie, R. C. Morice, W. K. Hong, and L. Mao
Impact of Smoking Cessation on Global Gene Expression in the Bronchial Epithelium of Chronic Smokers
Cancer Prevention Research, July 1, 2008; 1(2): 112 - 118.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
BioinformaticsHome page
T.A. Knijnenburg, L.F.A. Wessels, and M.J.T. Reinders
Combinatorial influence of environmental parameters on transcription factor activity
Bioinformatics, July 1, 2008; 24(13): i172 - i181.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Mol. Biol. CellHome page
C. Mascarenhas, L. C. Edwards-Ingram, L. Zeef, D. Shenton, M. P. Ashe, and C. M. Grant
Gcn4 Is Required for the Response to Peroxide Stress in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Mol. Biol. Cell, July 1, 2008; 19(7): 2995 - 3007.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
JAMAHome page
H. T. Bjornsson, M. I. Sigurdsson, M. D. Fallin, R. A. Irizarry, T. Aspelund, H. Cui, W. Yu, M. A. Rongione, T. J. Ekstrom, T. B. Harris, et al.
Intra-individual Change Over Time in DNA Methylation With Familial Clustering
JAMA, June 25, 2008; 299(24): 2877 - 2883.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Brief Funct Genomic ProteomicHome page
M. Wang, J. You, K. G. Bemis, T. J. Tegeler, and D. P. G. Brown
Label-free mass spectrometry-based protein quantification technologies in proteomic analysis
Brief Funct Genomic Proteomic, June 25, 2008; (2008) eln031v1.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
S. Laubinger, T. Sachsenberg, G. Zeller, W. Busch, J. U. Lohmann, G. Ratsch, and D. Weigel
Dual roles of the nuclear cap-binding complex and SERRATE in pre-mRNA splicing and microRNA processing in Arabidopsis thaliana
PNAS, June 24, 2008; 105(25): 8795 - 8800.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
A. W. Horne, S. van den Driesche, A. E. King, S. Burgess, M. Myers, H. Ludlow, P. Lourenco, P. Ghazal, A. R. Williams, H. O. D. Critchley, et al.
Endometrial Inhibin/Activin {beta}-B Subunit Expression Is Related to Decidualization and Is Reduced in Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2008; 93(6): 2375 - 2382.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Nucleic Acids ResHome page
S. Keles, C. L. Warren, C. D. Carlson, and A. Z. Ansari
CSI-Tree: a regression tree approach for modeling binding properties of DNA-binding molecules based on cognate site identification (CSI) data
Nucleic Acids Res., June 1, 2008; 36(10): 3171 - 3184.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Genome ResHome page
G. Zeller, R. M. Clark, K. Schneeberger, A. Bohlen, D. Weigel, and G. Ratsch
Detecting polymorphic regions in Arabidopsis thaliana with resequencing microarrays
Genome Res., June 1, 2008; 18(6): 918 - 929.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Cancer Res.Home page
C. K. Augustine, Y. Yoshimoto, M. Gupta, P. A. Zipfel, M. A. Selim, P. Febbo, A. M. Pendergast, W. P. Peters, and D. S. Tyler
Targeting N-Cadherin Enhances Antitumor Activity of Cytotoxic Therapies in Melanoma Treatment
Cancer Res., May 15, 2008; 68(10): 3777 - 3784.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Immunol.Home page
E. J. Cornish, B. J. Hurtgen, K. McInnerney, N. L. Burritt, R. M. Taylor, J. N. Jarvis, S. Y. Wang, and J. B. Burritt
Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidase-Independent Resistance to Aspergillus fumigatus in Alveolar Macrophages
J. Immunol., May 15, 2008; 180(10): 6854 - 6867.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Physiol. GenomicsHome page
E. Grundberg, H. Brandstrom, K. C. L. Lam, S. Gurd, B. Ge, E. Harmsen, A. Kindmark, O. Ljunggren, H. Mallmin, O. Nilsson, et al.
Systematic assessment of the human osteoblast transcriptome in resting and induced primary cells
Physiol Genomics, May 9, 2008; 33(3): 301 - 311.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Genome ResHome page
R. A. Irizarry, C. Ladd-Acosta, B. Carvalho, H. Wu, S. A. Brandenburg, J. A. Jeddeloh, B. Wen, and A. P. Feinberg
Comprehensive high-throughput arrays for relative methylation (CHARM)
Genome Res., May 1, 2008; 18(5): 780 - 790.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Genome ResHome page
H. T. Bjornsson, T. J. Albert, C. M. Ladd-Acosta, R. D. Green, M. A. Rongione, C. M. Middle, R. A. Irizarry, K. W. Broman, and A. P. Feinberg
SNP-specific array-based allele-specific expression analysis
Genome Res., May 1, 2008; 18(5): 771 - 779.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Molecular Cancer TherapeuticsHome page
T. Mijatovic, N. De Neve, P. Gailly, V. Mathieu, B. Haibe-Kains, G. Bontempi, J. Lapeira, C. Decaestecker, V. Facchini, and R. Kiss
Nucleolus and c-Myc: potential targets of cardenolide-mediated antitumor activity
Mol. Cancer Ther., May 1, 2008; 7(5): 1285 - 1296.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
BioinformaticsHome page
A. A. Shabalin, H. Tjelmeland, C. Fan, C. M. Perou, and A. B. Nobel
Merging two gene-expression studies via cross-platform normalization
Bioinformatics, May 1, 2008; 24(9): 1154 - 1160.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.Home page
D. Greco, A. Kotronen, J. Westerbacka, O. Puig, P. Arkkila, T. Kiviluoto, S. Laitinen, M. Kolak, R. M. Fisher, A. Hamsten, et al.
Gene expression in human NAFLD
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, May 1, 2008; 294(5): G1281 - G1287.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
S. Sengupta, J. A. den Boon, I-H. Chen, M. A. Newton, S. A. Stanhope, Y.-J. Cheng, C.-J. Chen, A. Hildesheim, B. Sugden, and P. Ahlquist
MicroRNA 29c is down-regulated in nasopharyngeal carcinomas, up-regulating mRNAs encoding extracellular matrix proteins
PNAS, April 15, 2008; 105(15): 5874 - 5878.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
BioinformaticsHome page
M. E. Futschik and H. Herzel
Are we overestimating the number of cell-cycling genes? The impact of background models on time-series analysis
Bioinformatics, April 15, 2008; 24(8): 1063 - 1069.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
M. Endoh, T. A. Endo, T. Endoh, Y.-i. Fujimura, O. Ohara, T. Toyoda, A. P. Otte, M. Okano, N. Brockdorff, M. Vidal, et al.
Polycomb group proteins Ring1A/B are functionally linked to the core transcriptional regulatory circuitry to maintain ES cell identity
Development, April 15, 2008; 135(8): 1513 - 1524.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
C. Liu, H. Chen, H. L. Er, H. M. Soo, P. P. Kumar, J.-H. Han, Y. C. Liou, and H. Yu
Direct interaction of AGL24 and SOC1 integrates flowering signals in Arabidopsis
Development, April 15, 2008; 135(8): 1481 - 1491.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Cancer Res.Home page
S. Vicent, D. Luis-Ravelo, I. Anton, I. Garcia-Tunon, F. Borras-Cuesta, J. Dotor, J. De Las Rivas, and F. Lecanda
A Novel Lung Cancer Signature Mediates Metastatic Bone Colonization by a Dual Mechanism
Cancer Res., April 1, 2008; 68(7): 2275 - 2285.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Cell Sci.Home page
M. Inada, A. Follenzi, K. Cheng, M. Surana, B. Joseph, D. Benten, S. Bandi, H. Qian, and S. Gupta
Phenotype reversion in fetal human liver epithelial cells identifies the role of an intermediate meso-endodermal stage before hepatic maturation
J. Cell Sci., April 1, 2008; 121(7): 1002 - 1013.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Cell Sci.Home page
J. F. Alcorn, A. S. Guala, J. van der Velden, B. McElhinney, C. G. Irvin, R. J. Davis, and Y. M. W. Janssen-Heininger
Jun N-terminal kinase 1 regulates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition induced by TGF-{beta}1
J. Cell Sci., April 1, 2008; 121(7): 1036 - 1045.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Plant CellHome page
D. J. Wohlbach, B. F. Quirino, and M. R. Sussman
Analysis of the Arabidopsis Histidine Kinase ATHK1 Reveals a Connection between Vegetative Osmotic Stress Sensing and Seed Maturation
PLANT CELL, April 1, 2008; 20(4): 1101 - 1117.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
BloodHome page
L. Chang Milbauer, P. Wei, J. Enenstein, A. Jiang, C. A. Hillery, J. P. Scott, S. C. Nelson, V. Bodempudi, J. N. Topper, R.-B. Yang, et al.
Genetic endothelial systems biology of sickle stroke risk
Blood, April 1, 2008; 111(7): 3872 - 3879.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Plant Physiol.Home page
B. Usadel, O. E. Blasing, Y. Gibon, K. Retzlaff, M. Hohne, M. Gunther, and M. Stitt
Global Transcript Levels Respond to Small Changes of the Carbon Status during Progressive Exhaustion of Carbohydrates in Arabidopsis Rosettes
Plant Physiology, April 1, 2008; 146(4): 1834 - 1861.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Nucleic Acids ResHome page
J. Elmen, M. Lindow, A. Silahtaroglu, M. Bak, M. Christensen, A. Lind-Thomsen, M. Hedtjarn, J. B. Hansen, H. F. Hansen, E. M. Straarup, et al.
Antagonism of microRNA-122 in mice by systemically administered LNA-antimiR leads to up-regulation of a large set of predicted target mRNAs in the liver
Nucleic Acids Res., March 27, 2008; 36(4): 1153 - 1162.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
M. R. Andersen, W. Vongsangnak, G. Panagiotou, M. P. Salazar, L. Lehmann, and J. Nielsen
A trispecies Aspergillus microarray: Comparative transcriptomics of three Aspergillus species
PNAS, March 18, 2008; 105(11): 4387 - 4392.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Bacteriol.Home page
M. E. Laubacher and S. E. Ades
The Rcs Phosphorelay Is a Cell Envelope Stress Response Activated by Peptidoglycan Stress and Contributes to Intrinsic Antibiotic Resistance
J. Bacteriol., March 15, 2008; 190(6): 2065 - 2074.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
BioinformaticsHome page
H. Bengtsson, R. Irizarry, B. Carvalho, and T. P. Speed
Estimation and assessment of raw copy numbers at the single locus level
Bioinformatics, March 15, 2008; 24(6): 759 - 767.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Physiol. GenomicsHome page
A. Bye, M. Langaas, M. A. Hoydal, O. J. Kemi, G. Heinrich, L. G. Koch, S. L. Britton, S. M. Najjar, O. Ellingsen, and U. Wisloff
Aerobic capacity-dependent differences in cardiac gene expression
Physiol Genomics, March 10, 2008; 33(1): 100 - 109.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Genes Dev.Home page
C. R. Brown, C. J. Kennedy, V. A. Delmar, D. J. Forbes, and P. A. Silver
Global histone acetylation induces functional genomic reorganization at mammalian nuclear pore complexes
Genes & Dev., March 1, 2008; 22(5): 627 - 639.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Leukoc. Biol.Home page
K. Farhat, S. Riekenberg, H. Heine, J. Debarry, R. Lang, J. Mages, U. Buwitt-Beckmann, K. Roschmann, G. Jung, K.-H. Wiesmuller, et al.
Heterodimerization of TLR2 with TLR1 or TLR6 expands the ligand spectrum but does not lead to differential signaling
J. Leukoc. Biol., March 1, 2008; 83(3): 692 - 701.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J AndrolHome page
I. Fenic, H. M. Hossain, V. Sonnack, S. Tchatalbachev, F. Thierer, J. Trapp, K. Failing, K. S. Edler, M. Bergmann, M. Jung, et al.
In Vivo Application of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Trichostatin-A Impairs Murine Male Meiosis
J Androl, March 1, 2008; 29(2): 172 - 185.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Virol.Home page
J. E. Cameron, Q. Yin, C. Fewell, M. Lacey, J. McBride, X. Wang, Z. Lin, B. C. Schaefer, and E. K. Flemington
Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1 Induces Cellular MicroRNA miR-146a, a Modulator of Lymphocyte Signaling Pathways
J. Virol., February 15, 2008; 82(4): 1946 - 1958.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Virol.Home page
A. R. Sedaghat, J. German, T. M. Teslovich, J. Cofrancesco Jr., C. C. Jie, C. C. Talbot Jr., and R. F. Siliciano
Chronic CD4+ T-Cell Activation and Depletion in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection: Type I Interferon-Mediated Disruption of T-Cell Dynamics
J. Virol., February 15, 2008; 82(4): 1870 - 1883.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
E. Assarsson, J. A. Greenbaum, M. Sundstrom, L. Schaffer, J. A. Hammond, V. Pasquetto, C. Oseroff, R. C. Hendrickson, E. J. Lefkowitz, D. C. Tscharke, et al.
Kinetic analysis of a complete poxvirus transcriptome reveals an immediate-early class of genes
PNAS, February 12, 2008; 105(6): 2140 - 2145.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Nucleic Acids ResHome page
S. M. Lin, P. Du, W. Huber, and W. A. Kibbe
Model-based variance-stabilizing transformation for Illumina microarray data
Nucleic Acids Res., February 2, 2008; 36(2): e11 - e11.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
A. Feber, L. Xi, J. D. Luketich, A. Pennathur, R. J. Landreneau, M. Wu, S. J. Swanson, T. E. Godfrey, and V. R. Litle
MicroRNA expression profiles of esophageal cancer.
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., February 1, 2008; 135(2): 255 - 260.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Cancer Res.Home page
A. B. Martinez-Cruz, M. Santos, M. F. Lara, C. Segrelles, S. Ruiz, M. Moral, C. Lorz, R. Garcia-Escudero, and J. M. Paramio
Spontaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Induced by the Somatic Inactivation of Retinoblastoma and Trp53 Tumor Suppressors
Cancer Res., February 1, 2008; 68(3): 683 - 692.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.Home page
K. G. Kumar, L. O. Byerley, J. Volaufova, D. J. Drucker, G. A. Churchill, R. Li, B. York, A. Zuberi, and B. K. S. Richards
Genetic variation in Glp1r expression influences the rate of gastric emptying in mice
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, February 1, 2008; 294(2): R362 - R371.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
P. Rose, J. Bond, S. Tighe, M. J. Toth, T. L. Wellman, E. M. B. de Montiano, M. M. Lewinter, and K. M. Lounsbury
Genes overexpressed in cerebral arteries following salt-induced hypertensive disease are regulated by angiotensin II, JunB, and CREB
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 2008; 294(2): H1075 - H1085.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Plant Physiol.Home page
A. Anand, S. R. Uppalapati, C.-M. Ryu, S. N. Allen, L. Kang, Y. Tang, and K. S. Mysore
Salicylic Acid and Systemic Acquired Resistance Play a Role in Attenuating Crown Gall Disease Caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Plant Physiology, February 1, 2008; 146(2): 703 - 715.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]