Bioinformatics Advance Access originally published online on March 22, 2004
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Bioinformatics 20(12) © Oxford University Press 2004; all rights reserved.
Decomposition of metabolic network into functional modules based on the global connectivity structure of reaction graph
1 Department of Genome Analysis, GBF—German Research Center for Biotechnology Mascheroder Weg 1, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany and 2 Department of Bioengineering, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
Received on August 24, 2003; revised on November 11, 2003; accepted on January 14, 2004
Advance Access Publication March 22, 2004
Motivation: Metabolic networks are organized in a modular, hierarchical manner. Methods for a rational decomposition of the metabolic network into relatively independent functional subsets are essential to better understand the modularity and organization principle of a large-scale, genome-wide network. Network decomposition is also necessary for functional analysis of metabolism by pathway analysis methods that are often hampered by the problem of combinatorial explosion due to the complexity of metabolic network. Decomposition methods proposed in literature are mainly based on the connection degree of metabolites. To obtain a more reasonable decomposition, the global connectivity structure of metabolic networks should be taken into account.
Results: In this work, we use a reaction graph representation of a metabolic network for the identification of its global connectivity structure and for decomposition. A bow-tie connectivity structure similar to that previously discovered for metabolite graph is found also to exist in the reaction graph. Based on this bow-tie structure, a new decomposition method is proposed, which uses a distance definition derived from the path length between two reactions. An hierarchical classification tree is first constructed from the distance matrix among the reactions in the giant strong component of the bow-tie structure. These reactions are then grouped into different subsets based on the hierarchical tree. Reactions in the IN and OUT subsets of the bow-tie structure are subsequently placed in the corresponding subsets according to a ‘majority rule’. Compared with the decomposition methods proposed in literature, ours is based on combined properties of the global network structure and local reaction connectivity rather than, primarily, on the connection degree of metabolites. The method is applied to decompose the metabolic network of Escherichia coli. Eleven subsets are obtained. More detailed investigations of the subsets show that reactions in the same subset are really functionally related. The rational decomposition of metabolic networks, and subsequent studies of the subsets, make it more amenable to understand the inherent organization and functionality of metabolic networks at the modular level.
Supplementary Information: http://genome.gbf.de/bioinformatics/
Contact: aze{at}gbf.de
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
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