Bioinformatics Advance Access originally published online on August 12, 2004
Bioinformatics 2005 21(1):2-9; doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bth475
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Bioinformatics vol. 21 issue 1 © Oxford University Press 2005; all rights reserved.
Origins of introns based on the definition of exon modules and their conserved interfaces
The Beagle Armada Postbus 964, 4600 AZ Bergen op Zoom, The Netherlands
Summary: Central to the unraveling of the early evolution of the genome is the origin and role of introns. The evolution of the genome can be characterized by a continuous expansion of functional modules that occurs without the interruption of existing processes. The design-by-contract methodology of software development offers a modular approach to design that seeks to increase flexibility by focusing on the design of constant interfaces between functional modules. Here, it is shown that design-by-contract can offer a framework for genome evolution. The definition of an ancient exon module with identical splice sites leads to a relatively simple sequence of events that explains the role of introns, intron phase differences and the evolution of multi-exon proteins in an RNA world. An interaction of the experimentally defined six-nucleotide splicing consensus sequence together with a limited number of primitive ribozymes can account for a rapid creation of protein diversity.
Contact: albert.de.roos{at}thebeaglearmada.nl
Received on March 4, 2004; revised on July 22, 2004; accepted on August 5, 2004
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