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© 1988 IRL Press Ltd

Optimal alignments in linear space

Eugene W. Myers 1,2 and Webb Miller 2

1Department of Computer Science, University of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
2Department of Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA 16802, USA

Space, not time, is often the limiting factor when computing optimal sequence alignments, and a number of recent papers in the biology literature have proposed space-saving strategies. However, a 1975 computer science paper by Hirschberg presented a method that is superior to the new proposals, both in theory and in practice. The goal of this paper is to give Hirschberg's idea the visibility it deserves by developing a linear-space version of Gotoh's algorithm, which accommodates affine gap penalties. A portable C-software package implementing this algorithm is available on the BIONET free of charge.


Received on October 14, 1987; accepted on December 19, 1987

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V. Jubier-Maurin, A. Rodrigue, S. Ouahrani-Bettache, M. Layssac, M.-A. Mandrand-Berthelot, S. Köhler, and J.-P. Liautard
Identification of the nik Gene Cluster of Brucella suis: Regulation and Contribution to Urease Activity
J. Bacteriol., January 15, 2001; 183(2): 426 - 434.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Nucleic Acids ResHome page
S. F. Altschul, R. Bundschuh, R. Olsen, and T. Hwa
The estimation of statistical parameters for local alignment score distributions
Nucleic Acids Res., January 15, 2001; 29(2): 351 - 361.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Nucleic Acids ResHome page
B. Knudsen, J. Wower, C. Zwieb, and J. Gorodkin
tmRDB (tmRNA database)
Nucleic Acids Res., January 1, 2001; 29(1): 171 - 172.
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Genes Dev.Home page
Q. M. Mitrovich and P. Anderson
Unproductively spliced ribosomal protein mRNAs are natural targets of mRNA surveillance in C. elegans
Genes & Dev., September 1, 2000; 14(17): 2173 - 2184.
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J. Virol.Home page
C. Vink, E. Beuken, and C. A. Bruggeman
Complete DNA Sequence of the Rat Cytomegalovirus Genome
J. Virol., August 15, 2000; 74(16): 7656 - 7665.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Mol Biol EvolHome page
A. Miseta and P. Csutora
Relationship Between the Occurrence of Cysteine in Proteins and the Complexity of Organisms
Mol. Biol. Evol., August 1, 2000; 17(8): 1232 - 1239.
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J. Virol.Home page
Y. Liang, J. Yao, and S. Gillam
Rubella Virus Nonstructural Protein Protease Domains Involved in trans- and cis-Cleavage Activities
J. Virol., June 15, 2000; 74(12): 5412 - 5423.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Mol Biol EvolHome page
C. Feschotte and C. Mouches
Evidence that a Family of Miniature Inverted-Repeat Transposable Elements (MITEs) from the Arabidopsis thaliana Genome Has Arisen from a pogo-like DNA Transposon
Mol. Biol. Evol., May 1, 2000; 17(5): 730 - 737.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Protein Eng Des SelHome page
L. R. Murphy, A. Wallqvist, and R. M. Levy
Simplified amino acid alphabets for protein fold recognition and implications for folding
Protein Eng. Des. Sel., March 1, 2000; 13(3): 149 - 152.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
D. O. V. Alonso and V. Daggett
Staphylococcal protein A: Unfolding pathways, unfolded states, and differences between the B and E domains
PNAS, January 4, 2000; 97(1): 133 - 138.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Infect. Immun.Home page
A. R. Caballero, R. Lottenberg, and K. H. Johnston
Cloning, Expression, Sequence Analysis, and Characterization of Streptokinases Secreted by Porcine and Equine Isolates of Streptococcus equisimilis
Infect. Immun., December 1, 1999; 67(12): 6478 - 6486.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Virol.Home page
P. S. Beisser, G. Grauls, C. A. Bruggeman, and C. Vink
Deletion of the R78 G Protein-Coupled Receptor Gene from Rat Cytomegalovirus Results in an Attenuated, Syncytium-Inducing Mutant Strain
J. Virol., September 1, 1999; 73(9): 7218 - 7230.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Genome ResHome page
X. Huang and A. Madan
CAP3: A DNA Sequence Assembly Program
Genome Res., September 1, 1999; 9(9): 868 - 877.
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J. Neurosci.Home page
E. Danty, L. Briand, C. Michard-Vanhee, V. Perez, G. Arnold, O. Gaudemer, D. Huet, J.-C. Huet, C. Ouali, C. Masson, et al.
Cloning and Expression of a Queen Pheromone-Binding Protein in the Honeybee: an Olfactory-Specific, Developmentally Regulated Protein
J. Neurosci., September 1, 1999; 19(17): 7468 - 7475.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
F. Dzierszinski, O. Popescu, C. Toursel, C. Slomianny, B. Yahiaoui, and S. Tomavo
The Protozoan Parasite Toxoplasma gondii Expresses Two Functional Plant-like Glycolytic Enzymes. IMPLICATIONS FOR EVOLUTIONARY ORIGIN OF APICOMPLEXANS
J. Biol. Chem., August 27, 1999; 274(35): 24888 - 24895.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Genes Dev.Home page
C. A. Collins and C. Guthrie
Allele-specific genetic interactions between Prp8 and RNA active site residues suggest a function for Prp8 at the catalytic core of the spliceosome
Genes & Dev., August 1, 1999; 13(15): 1970 - 1982.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
F. R. Sallmann, S. Baveye-Descamps, F. Pattus, V. Salmon, N. Branza, G. Spik, and D. Legrand
Porins OmpC and PhoE of Escherichia coli as Specific Cell-surface Targets of Human Lactoferrin. BINDING CHARACTERISTICS AND BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
J. Biol. Chem., June 4, 1999; 274(23): 16107 - 16114.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Appl. Environ. Microbiol.Home page
S. Hallin and P.-E. Lindgren
PCR Detection of Genes Encoding Nitrite Reductase in Denitrifying Bacteria
Appl. Envir. Microbiol., April 1, 1999; 65(4): 1652 - 1657.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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J. Virol.Home page
P. Gao, S. Watanabe, T. Ito, H. Goto, K. Wells, M. McGregor, A. J. Cooley, and Y. Kawaoka
Biological Heterogeneity, Including Systemic Replication in Mice, of H5N1 Influenza A Virus Isolates from Humans in Hong Kong
J. Virol., April 1, 1999; 73(4): 3184 - 3189.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Appl. Environ. Microbiol.Home page
T. H. Grayson, L. F. Cooper, F. A. Atienzar, M. R. Knowles, and M. L. Gilpin
Molecular Differentiation of Renibacterium salmoninarum Isolates from Worldwide Locations
Appl. Envir. Microbiol., March 1, 1999; 65(3): 961 - 968.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Protein Eng Des SelHome page
K. de Fays, A. Tibor, C. Lambert, C. Vinals, P. Denoel, X. De Bolle, J. Wouters, J.-J. Letesson, and E. Depiereux
Structure and function prediction of the Brucella abortus P39 protein by comparative modeling with marginal sequence similarities
Protein Eng. Des. Sel., March 1, 1999; 12(3): 217 - 223.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Appl. Environ. Microbiol.Home page
V. G. H. Eijsink, M. Skeie, P. H. Middelhoven, M. B. Brurberg, and I. F. Nes
Comparative Studies of Class IIa Bacteriocins of Lactic Acid Bacteria
Appl. Envir. Microbiol., September 1, 1998; 64(9): 3275 - 3281.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Plant Physiol.Home page
C. Bauerle, C. Magembe, and D. P. Briskin
Characterization of a Red Beet Protein Homologous to the Essential 36-Kilodalton Subunit of the Yeast V-Type ATPase
Plant Physiology, July 1, 1998; 117(3): 859 - 867.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Infect. Immun.Home page
M. Nilsson, L. Frykberg, J.-I. Flock, L. Pei, M. Lindberg, and B. Guss
A Fibrinogen-Binding Protein of Staphylococcus epidermidis
Infect. Immun., June 1, 1998; 66(6): 2666 - 2673.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Genome ResHome page
A. R. Mushegian, J. R. Garey, J. Martin, and L. X. Liu
Large-Scale Taxonomic Profiling of Eukaryotic Model Organisms: A Comparison of Orthologous Proteins Encoded by the Human, Fly, Nematode, and Yeast Genomes
Genome Res., June 1, 1998; 8(6): 590 - 598.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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FASEB J.Home page
M. De las Alas, R. A. M. de bruin, L. T. Eyck, G. Los, and S. B. Howell
Prediction-based threading of the hMSH2 DNA mismatch repair protein
FASEB J, June 1, 1998; 12(9): 653 - 663.
[Abstract] [Full Text]



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