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© IRL Press Limited

Fast and sensitive multiple sequence alignments on a microcomputer

Desmond G. Higgins * and Paul M. Sharp

Department of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin 2, Ireland

*To whom correspondence should be addressed

A strategy is described for the rapid alignment of many long nucleic acid or protein sequences on a microcomputer. The program described can handle up to 100 sequences of 1200 residues each. The approach is based on progressively aligning sequences according to the branching order in an initial phylogenetic tree. The results obtained using the package appear to be as sensitive as those from any other available method.


Received on October 7, 1988; accepted on December 6, 1988

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Appl. Environ. Microbiol.Home page
K. Rudi, O. M. Skulberg, R. Skulberg, and K. S. Jakobsen
Application of Sequence-Specific Labeled 16S rRNA Gene Oligonucleotide Probes for Genetic Profiling of Cyanobacterial Abundance and Diversity by Array Hybridization
Appl. Envir. Microbiol., September 1, 2000; 66(9): 4004 - 4011.
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Circ. Res.Home page
M. Donoghue, F. Hsieh, E. Baronas, K. Godbout, M. Gosselin, N. Stagliano, M. Donovan, B. Woolf, K. Robison, R. Jeyaseelan, et al.
A Novel Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-Related Carboxypeptidase (ACE2) Converts Angiotensin I to Angiotensin 1-9
Circ. Res., September 1, 2000; 87 (5): e1 - e9.
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Genes Dev.Home page
Q. M. Mitrovich and P. Anderson
Unproductively spliced ribosomal protein mRNAs are natural targets of mRNA surveillance in C. elegans
Genes & Dev., September 1, 2000; 14(17): 2173 - 2184.
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J. Virol.Home page
M. Varrelmann, L. Palkovics, and E. Maiss
Transgenic or Plant Expression Vector-Mediated Recombination of Plum Pox Virus
J. Virol., August 15, 2000; 74(16): 7462 - 7469.
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Infect. Immun.Home page
G. R. Bolduc, V. Bouchet, R.-Z. Jiang, J. Geisselsoder, Q. C. Truong-Bolduc, P. A. Rice, S. I. Pelton, and R. Goldstein
Variability of Outer Membrane Protein P1 and Its Evaluation as a Vaccine Candidate against Experimental Otitis Media due to Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae: an Unambiguous, Multifaceted Approach
Infect. Immun., August 1, 2000; 68(8): 4505 - 4517.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Clin. Microbiol.Home page
R. D. Adam, Y. R. Ortega, R. H. Gilman, and C. R. Sterling
Intervening Transcribed Spacer Region 1 Variability in Cyclospora cayetanensis
J. Clin. Microbiol., June 1, 2000; 38(6): 2339 - 2343.
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J. Bacteriol.Home page
S. Heiland, N. Radovanovic, M. Höfer, J. Winderickx, and H. Lichtenberg
Multiple Hexose Transporters of Schizosaccharomyces pombe
J. Bacteriol., April 15, 2000; 182(8): 2153 - 2162.
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J. Clin. Microbiol.Home page
S. T. Al Rashid, I. Dakuna, H. Louie, D. Ng, P. Vandamme, W. Johnson, and V. L. Chan
Identification of Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, C. lari, C. upsaliensis, Arcobacter butzleri, and A. butzleri-Like Species Based on the glyA Gene
J. Clin. Microbiol., April 1, 2000; 38(4): 1488 - 1494.
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Infect. Immun.Home page
A. J. M. Vriesema, J. Dankert, and S. A. J. Zaat
A Shift from Oral to Blood pH Is a Stimulus for Adaptive Gene Expression of Streptococcus gordonii CH1 and Induces Protection against Oxidative Stress and Enhanced Bacterial Growth by Expression of msrA
Infect. Immun., March 1, 2000; 68(3): 1061 - 1068.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
P. Arcari, L. Masullo, M. Masullo, F. Catanzano, and V. Bocchini
A NAD(P)H Oxidase Isolated from the Archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus Is Not Homologous with Another NADH Oxidase Present in the Same Microorganism. BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ENZYME AND CLONING OF THE ENCODING GENE
J. Biol. Chem., January 14, 2000; 275(2): 895 - 900.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Nucleic Acids ResHome page
C. Lanave, S. Liuni, F. Licciulli, and M. Attimonelli
Update of AMmtDB: a database of multi-aligned Metazoa mitochondrial DNA sequences
Nucleic Acids Res., January 1, 2000; 28(1): 153 - 154.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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MicrobiologyHome page
P. Gonzalez and J. Labarère
Phylogenetic relationships of Pleurotus species according to the sequence and secondary structure of the mitochondrial small-subunit rRNA V4, V6 and V9 domains
Microbiology, January 1, 2000; 146(1): 209 - 221.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Plant Physiol.Home page
M. Gasparian, M. Pusterla, B. Baldan, P. M. Downey, O. Rossetto, P. P. de Laureto, F. Filippini, M. Terzi, and F. L. Schiavo
Identification and Characterization of an 18-Kilodalton, VAMP-Like Protein in Suspension-Cultured Carrot Cells
Plant Physiology, January 1, 2000; 122(1): 25 - 34.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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MicrobiologyHome page
O. A. Okstad, M. Gominet, B. Purnelle, M. Rose, D. Lereclus, and A.-B. Kolsto
Sequence analysis of three Bacillus cereus loci carrying PlcR-regulated genes encoding degradative enzymes and enterotoxin
Microbiology, November 1, 1999; 145(11): 3129 - 3138.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Ann Rheum DisHome page
Y. T Konttinen, M. Ainola, H. Valleala, J. Ma, H. Ida, J. Mandelin, R. W Kinne, S. Santavirta, T. Sorsa, C. López-Otín, et al.
Analysis of 16 different matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1 to MMP-20) in the synovial membrane: different profiles in trauma and rheumatoid arthritis
Ann Rheum Dis, November 1, 1999; 58(11): 691 - 697.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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JEMHome page
S. W. Wong, E. P. Bergquam, R. M. Swanson, F. W. Lee, S. M. Shiigi, N. A. Avery, J. W. Fanton, and M. K. Axthelm
Induction of B Cell Hyperplasia in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus–infected Rhesus Macaques with the Simian Homologue of Kaposi's Sarcoma–associated Herpesvirus
J. Exp. Med., September 20, 1999; 190(6): 827 - 840.
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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
S. P. Sanghani, P. C. Sanghani, and R. G. Moran
Identification of Three Key Active Site Residues in the C-terminal Domain of Human Recombinant Folylpoly-gamma -glutamate Synthetase by Site-directed Mutagenesis
J. Biol. Chem., September 17, 1999; 274(38): 27018 - 27027.
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J. Bacteriol.Home page
J. K. Morona, R. Morona, and J. C. Paton
Comparative Genetics of Capsular Polysaccharide Biosynthesis in Streptococcus pneumoniae Types Belonging to Serogroup 19
J. Bacteriol., September 1, 1999; 181(17): 5355 - 5364.
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J. Immunol.Home page
J. Stavnezer, S. P. Bradley, N. Rousseau, T. Pearson, A. Shanmugam, D. J. Waite, P. R. Rogers, and A. L. Kenter
Switch Recombination in a Transfected Plasmid Occurs Preferentially in a B Cell Line That Undergoes Switch Recombination of Its Chromosomal Ig Heavy Chain Genes
J. Immunol., August 15, 1999; 163(4): 2028 - 2040.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.Home page
A. Bauernfeind, I. Schneider, R. Jungwirth, H. Sahly, and U. Ullmann
A Novel Type of AmpC beta -Lactamase, ACC-1, Produced by a Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain Causing Nosocomial Pneumonia
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., August 1, 1999; 43(8): 1924 - 1931.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Appl. Environ. Microbiol.Home page
A. M. Blinkovsky, T. Byun, K. M. Brown, and E. J. Golightly
Purification, Characterization, and Heterologous Expression in Fusarium venenatum of a Novel Serine Carboxypeptidase from Aspergillus oryzae
Appl. Envir. Microbiol., August 1, 1999; 65(8): 3298 - 3303.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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J. Clin. Microbiol.Home page
J.-F. Valarcher, H. Bourhy, J. Gelfi, and F. Schelcher
Evaluation of a Nested Reverse Transcription-PCR Assay Based on the Nucleoprotein Gene for Diagnosis of Spontaneous and Experimental Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
J. Clin. Microbiol., June 1, 1999; 37(6): 1858 - 1862.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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J. Virol.Home page
J. S. Cannon, F. Hamzeh, S. Moore, J. Nicholas, and R. F. Ambinder
Human Herpesvirus 8-Encoded Thymidine Kinase and Phosphotransferase Homologues Confer Sensitivity to Ganciclovir
J. Virol., June 1, 1999; 73(6): 4786 - 4793.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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J. Virol.Home page
P. F. Zhang, X. Chen, D. W. Fu, J. B. Margolick, and G. V. Quinnan Jr.
Primary Virus Envelope Cross-Reactivity of the Broadening Neutralizing Antibody Response during Early Chronic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection
J. Virol., June 1, 1999; 73(6): 5225 - 5230.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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J. Bacteriol.Home page
K. Rudi and K. S. Jakobsen
Complex Evolutionary Patterns of tRNAUAALeu Group I Introns in Cyanobacterial Radiation
J. Bacteriol., June 1, 1999; 181(11): 3445 - 3451.
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J. Immunol.Home page
T. Chun, K. Wang, F. A. Zuckermann, and H. R. Gaskins
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a Novel CD1 Gene from the Pig
J. Immunol., June 1, 1999; 162(11): 6562 - 6571.
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Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
S.-H. Yun, M. L. Berbee, O. C. Yoder, and B. G. Turgeon
Evolution of the fungal self-fertile reproductive life style from self-sterile ancestors
PNAS, May 11, 1999; 96(10): 5592 - 5597.
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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
K. W. Walker and R. A. Bradshaw
Yeast Methionine Aminopeptidase I. ALTERATION OF SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY BY SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS
J. Biol. Chem., May 7, 1999; 274(19): 13403 - 13409.
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Infect. Immun.Home page
S. Porwollik, B. Noonan, and P. W. O'Toole
Molecular Characterization of a Flagellar Export Locus of Helicobacter pylori
Infect. Immun., May 1, 1999; 67(5): 2060 - 2070.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Clin. Microbiol.Home page
C. Ros and S. Belák
Studies of Genetic Relationships between Bovine, Caprine, Cervine, and Rangiferine Alphaherpesviruses and Improved Molecular Methods for Virus Detection and Identification
J. Clin. Microbiol., May 1, 1999; 37(5): 1247 - 1253.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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J. Bacteriol.Home page
E. S. Paterson, M. I. Moré, G. Pillay, C. Cellini, R. Woodgate, G. C. Walker, V. N. Iyer, and S. C. Winans
Genetic Analysis of the Mobilization and Leading Regions of the IncN plasmids pKM101 and pCU1
J. Bacteriol., April 15, 1999; 181(8): 2572 - 2583.
[Abstract] [Full Text]



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