Bioinformatics Advance Access published online on March 25, 2004
Bioinformatics, doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bth182
Bioinformatics © Oxford University Press 2004; all rights reserved
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1 Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Golm, Germany
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Kopka{at}mpimp-golm.mpg.de.
Motivation: Major issues in computational biology are the reconstruction of functional relationships among genes, for example the definition of regulatory or biochemical pathways. One step towards this aim is the elucidation of transcriptional units, which are characterised by co-responding changes in mRNA expression levels. These units of genes will allow the generation of hypotheses about respective functional interrelationships. Thus the focus of analysis currently moves from well-established functional assignment through comparison of protein and DNA sequences towards analysis of transcriptional co-response. Tools which allow deducing common control of gene expression have the potential to complement and extend routine BLAST comparisons, because gene function may be inferred from common transcriptional control. Results: We present a co-clustering strategy of genome sequence information and gene expression data, which was applied to identify transcriptional units within diverse compendia of expression profiles. The phenomenon of prokaryotic operons was selected as an ideal test case to generate well founded hypotheses about transcriptional units. The existence of overlapping and ambiguous operon definitions allowed investigating in constitutive and conditional expression of transcriptional units in independent gene expression experiments of Escherichia coli. Our approach allowed identifying of operons with high accuracy. Furthermore, both constitutive mRNA co-response as well as conditional differences became apparent. Thus we were able to generate insight into possible biological relevance of gene co-response. We conclude that the suggested strategy will be amenable in general to the identification of transcriptional units beyond the chosen example of Escherichia coli operons. Availability: Presented analyses of E. coli transcript data are made available upon request or at http://csbdb.mpimp-golm.mpg.de/.
Revised February 24, 2004
Accepted February 25, 2004
Article
Hypothesis-driven approach to predict transcriptional units from gene expression data
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