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Bioinformatics Advance Access published online on August 12, 2004
Bioinformatics, doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bth464
Bioinformatics © Oxford University Press 2004; all rights reserved
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Received September 30, 2003
Revised July 10, 2004
Accepted August 2, 2004

Article

Gene clustering by latent semantic indexing of MEDLINE abstracts

Ramin Homayouni 1*, Kevin Heinrich 2, Lai Wei 1, Michael W. Berry 2

1 Dept. of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163
2 Dept. of Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996-3450

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: rhomayouni{at}utmem.edu.


  Abstract

Motivation: A major challenge in interpretation of high throughput genomic data is understanding the functional associations between genes. Previously, several approaches have been described to extract gene relationships from various biological databases by term-matching methods. However, more flexible automated methods are needed to identify functional relationships (both explicit and implicit) between genes from the biomedical literature. In this study, we explored the utility of Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI), a vector space model for information retrieval, to automatically identify conceptual gene relationships from titles and abstracts in MEDLINE citations.

Results: We found that LSI identified gene-to-gene and keyword-to-gene relationships with high average precision. In addition, LSI identified implicit gene relationships based on word usage patterns in the gene abstract documents. Lastly, we demonstrate here that pairwise distances derived from the vector angles of gene abstract documents can be effectively used to functionally group genes by hierarchical clustering. Our results provide proof-of-principle that LSI is a robust automated method to elucidate both known (explicit) and unknown (implicit) gene relationships from the biomedical literature. These features make LSI particularly useful for analysis of novel associations discovered in genomic experiments.

Availability: The 50-gene document collection used in this study can be interactively queried at http://shad.cs.utk.edu/sgo/sgo.html.


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