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Bioinformatics Advance Access published online on October 14, 2004

Bioinformatics, doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bti064
Bioinformatics © Oxford University Press 2004; all rights reserved
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Received February 4, 2004
Revised August 3, 2004
Accepted August 23, 2004

Article

Reconstructing biological networks using conditional correlation analysis

John Jeremy Rice 1, Yuhai Tu 1, and Gustavo Stolovitzky 1*

1 Computational Biology Center, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: gustavo{at}us.ibm.com.


   Abstract

Motivation: One of the present challenges in biological research is the organization of the data originating from high throughput technologies. One way in which this information can be organized is in the form of pathways of interactions, physical or statistical, between cellular components. We propose an experimental method of probing biological networks, analyzing the resulting data, and reconstructing the network architecture.

Methods: We use networks of known topology consisting of nodes (genes), directed edges (gene-gene interactions), and a dynamics for the genes' mRNA concentrations in terms of the gene-gene interactions. We propose a network reconstruction algorithm based on the conditional correlation of the mRNA equilibrium concentration between two genes given that one of them was knocked down. Using simulated gene expression data on networks of known connectivity, we investigate how the reconstruction error is affected by noise, network topology, size, sparseness, and dynamic parameters.

Results: Errors arise from correlation between nodes connected through intermediate nodes (false positives) and when the correlation between two directly connected nodes is obscured by noise, non-linearity, or multiple inputs to the target node (false negatives). Two critical components of the method are: 1) the choice of an optimal correlation threshold for predicting connections, and 2) the reduction of errors arising from indirect connections (for which a novel algorithm is proposed). With these improvements, we can reconstruct networks with the topology of the transcriptional regulatory network in E. coli with a reasonably low error rate.

Supplementary Information: Available from our web site: www.research.ibm.com/FunGen.


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