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Bioinformatics Advance Access published online on February 1, 2006

Bioinformatics, doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btl023
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© The Author (2006). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received November 5, 2005
Revised December 3, 2005
Accepted January 23, 2006

Article

Memory efficient folding algorithms for circular RNA secondary structures

Ivo L. Hofacker 1 * and Peter F. Stadler 2

1 Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 17, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
2 Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany; Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 17, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; The Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Rd., Santa Fe, New Mexico

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Ivo L. Hofacker, E-mail: ivo{at}tbi.univie.ac.at


   Abstract

Background: A small class of RNA molecules, in particular the tiny genomes of viroids, are circular. Yet most structure prediction algorithms handle only linear RNAs. The most straightforward approach is to compute circular structures from "internal" and "external" substructures separated by a base pair. This is incompatible, however, with the memory-saving approach of the Vienna RNA Package which builds a linear RNA structure from shorter (internal) structures only.

Result: Here we describe how circular secondary structures can be obtained without additional memory requirements as a kind of "post-processing" of the linear structures.

Availability: The circular folding algorithm is implemented in the current version of the of RNAfold program of the Vienna RNA Package, which can be downloaded from http://www.tbi.univie.ac.at/RNA/.


Associate Editor: Thomas Lengauer
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