Bioinformatics Advance Access published online on July 10, 2007
Bioinformatics, doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btm347
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Correcting for gene-specific dye bias in DNA microarrays using the method of maximum likelihood
1Program in Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0412
2Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0412
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Ryan Kelley, E-mail: rmkelley{at}ucsd.edu
| Abstract |
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Motivation:In two-color microarray experiments, well known differences exist in the labeling and hybridization efficiency of Cy3 and Cy5 dyes. Previous reports have revealed that these differences can vary on a gene-by-gene basis, an effect termed gene-specific dye bias. If uncorrected, this bias can influence the determination of differentially expressed genes.
Results:We show that the magnitude of the bias scales multiplicatively with signal intensity and is dependent on which nucleotide has been conjugated to the fluorescent dye. A method is proposed to account for gene-specific dye bias within a maximum likelihood error modeling framework. Using two different labeling schemes, we show that correcting for gene-specific dye bias results in the superior identification of differentially expressed genes within this framework. Improvement is also possible in related ANOVA approaches.
Availability:A software implementation of this procedure is freely available at http://cellcircuits.org/VERA.
Contact: rmkelley{at}ucsd.edu
Associate Editor: Dr. Joaquin Dopazo
Received on October 22, 2006; revised on June 21, 2007; accepted on June 27, 2007
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